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In the student/teacher protocol, submission by the student to the authority of the teacher is essential.


Since submission is required by the student/teacher roles, it is not a defeat and does not diminish the social stature of the student. In contrast, during a peer discussion, prevailing in an argument does constitute a win, and losing an argument does constitute a defeat, just as a football team can win, or lose, a game. So, for each participant, the psychology and motivations and goals of the two formats differ. In a workshop or seminar, especially among male participants, it's all about competition and winning the game. In contrast, a student/teacher interaction is not at all competitive; it is the giving, and receipt, of a gift.